/etc/shadow及相关c函数

/etc/shadow包含系统用户的密码信息,普通用户不能查看此文件 每行分为9个片段,通过冒号’:’分隔 hys:$6$q1Jaurz4$8hPn.i0F6k7xPeLNcKDGdKZODMx7uTnHjAXjgvND2dRrz7jk16O.DbI15qe.G9SqSbFO.O0PMsW.yHv1X2/z60:17421:0:99999:7::: 用户名: 加密后的密码(单向散列): 最后修改密码的时间(为距1970.1.1的天数): 密码最小存活时间(指用户还有多少天可以修改密码,空或0表示没有密码最小存活时间): 最大密码存活时间(超过这个时间,用户需修改密码,如果这个值小于密码最小存活时间,则用户不能修改密码): 密码过期前多少天提醒: 密码超过最大存活时间后还能进行登录的时间: 用户过期时间: 保留域

struct spwd {
    char *sp_namp; /* Login name */
    char *sp_pwdp; /* Encrypted password */
    long sp_lstchg; /* Date of last change(measured in days since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC)) */
    long sp_min; /* Min # of days between changes */
    long sp_max; /* Max # of days between changes */
    long sp_warn; /* # of days before password expires to warn user to change it */
    long sp_inact; /* # of days after password expires
    until account is disabled */
    long sp_expire; /* Date when account expires(measured in days since 1970-01-01 00:00:00 +0000 (UTC)) */
    unsigned long sp_flag; /* Reserved */
};


struct spwd *getspnam(const char *name);//通过用户名获取指向struct spwd结构体的指针
struct spwd *getspent(void);//获取/etc/shadow文件中的信息,返回struct spwd结构体指针
void setspent(void);//初始化输入流
void endspent(void);//释放资源

例:

#include <stdio.h>
#include <shadow.h>
#include <unistd.h>
int main(){
struct spwd *p,*ptr;
p = getspnam(usbmux);
if(p == NULL){
    printf("error");
}
printf("%s\n", p->sp_namp);
printf("%s\n", p->sp_pwdp);
printf("%ld\n", p->sp_lstchg);
printf("%ld\n", p->sp_min);
printf("%ld\n", p->sp_max);
printf("%ld\n", p->sp_warn);
printf("%ld\n", p->sp_inact);
printf("%ld\n", p->sp_expire);
printf("%lu\n", p->sp_flag);
setspent();
while((ptr = getspent())!=NULL){
    printf("%s\n", ptr->sp_namp);
}
endspent();
return 0;
}

Ref:
1.http://manpages.ubuntu.com/manpages/precise/man5/shadow.5.html
2.https://linux.die.net/man/3/getspnam